Cocaine toxicity - Revision history

Michael: /* Microscopic */ wikify

2014-12-28T04:58:19Z

Microscopic: wikify

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	==Microscopic==		==Microscopic==
	Features (heart):<ref name=pmid1346509/>		Features (heart):<ref name=pmid1346509/>
	*+/-Large areas of confluent necrosis.		*+/-Large areas of confluent [[necrosis]].
	*+/-Contraction band necrosis.		*+/-[[Contraction band necrosis]].
	*+/-Fibrosis.		*+/-Fibrosis.
	*+/-Myocarditis (usu. eosinophilic).		*+/-[[Myocarditis]] (usu. eosinophilic).

	==See also==		==See also==

Michael: image

2014-12-26T00:30:57Z

image

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			[[Image: CocaineHydrochloridePowder.jpg \| thumb \| 250px \| Cocaine. (WC/US DEA)]]
	'''Cocaine toxicity''' is seen in by pathologists in the [[forensic pathology\|forensic]] setting.		'''Cocaine toxicity''' is seen in by pathologists in the [[forensic pathology\|forensic]] setting.

Michael: /* General */ +metabolite

2012-04-01T02:31:18Z

General: +metabolite

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	**Direct effects of norepinephrine on myocytes		**Direct effects of norepinephrine on myocytes
	**Vasospasm leading to myocardial ischemia.		**Vasospasm leading to myocardial ischemia.
			*Main metabolite (found in urine): benzoylecgonine.<ref name=pmid21664118>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Munoz \| first1 = EM. \| last2 = Lorenzo-Abalde \| first2 = S. \| last3 = González-Fernández \| first3 = A. \| last4 = Quintela \| first4 = O. \| last5 = Lopez-Rivadulla \| first5 = M. \| last6 = Riguera \| first6 = R. \| title = Direct surface plasmon resonance immunosensor for in situ detection of benzoylecgonine, the major cocaine metabolite. \| journal = Biosens Bioelectron \| volume = 26 \| issue = 11 \| pages = 4423-8 \| month = Jul \| year = 2011 \| doi = 10.1016/j.bios.2011.04.056 \| PMID = 21664118 }}</ref>

	==Gross pathology==		==Gross pathology==

Michael: create

2012-02-21T23:15:59Z

create

New page

'''Cocaine toxicity''' is seen in by pathologists in the [[forensic pathology|forensic]] setting.

==General==
*Anatomical findings at autopsy are uncommon (most common situation) or non-specific (atherosclerosis +/- acute [[thrombosis]]).<ref name=pmid1749414>{{cite journal |author=Virmani R |title=Cocaine-associated cardiovascular disease: clinical and pathological aspects |journal=NIDA Res. Monogr. |volume=108 |issue= |pages=220–9 |year=1991 |pmid=1749414 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*Toxicity mechanisms:
**Direct effects of norepinephrine on myocytes
**Vasospasm leading to myocardial ischemia.

==Gross pathology==
Features (heart):<ref name=pmid1346509>{{cite journal |author=Kloner RA, Hale S, Alker K, Rezkalla S |title=The effects of acute and chronic cocaine use on the heart |journal=Circulation |volume=85 |issue=2 |pages=407–19 |year=1992 |month=February |pmid=1346509 |doi= |url=http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=1346509}}</ref>
*+/-Atherosclerosis out of keeping with age.
*+/-Large areas of confluent necrosis.
*+/-Fibrosis.

==Microscopic==
Features (heart):<ref name=pmid1346509/>
*+/-Large areas of confluent necrosis.
*+/-Contraction band necrosis.
*+/-Fibrosis.
*+/-Myocarditis (usu. eosinophilic).

==See also==
*[[Forensic pathology]].
*[[Heart]].

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

[[Category:Diagnosis]]
[[Category:Forensic pathology]]