Diffuse alveolar damage - Revision history

Michael at 02:24, 19 July 2021

2021-07-19T02:24:44Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:24, 19 July 2021
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	\| Endoscopy =		\| Endoscopy =
	\| Prognosis = often poor, dependent on severity and comorbidities		\| Prognosis = often poor, dependent on severity and comorbidities
	\| Other = histologic correlate of: acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP), transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI)		\| Other = histologic correlate of: acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP), transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI); may be seen in chronic [[interstitial lung disease]] - esp. [[IPF]]
	\| ClinDDx =		\| ClinDDx =
	\| Tx = dependent on underlying cause		\| Tx = dependent on underlying cause

Michael: /* General */ fix refs

2021-07-19T02:21:49Z

General: fix refs

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:21, 19 July 2021
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	Notes:		Notes:
	*DAD may ''not'' be present in all cases that are clinically ''ARDS''.<ref name=pmid23370917>{{cite journal \|~~vauthors~~=Thille AW, Esteban A, Fernández-Segoviano P, Rodriguez JM, Aramburu JA, Peñuelas O, Cortés-Puch I, Cardinal-Fernández P, Lorente JA, Frutos-Vivar F \|title=Comparison of the Berlin definition for acute respiratory distress syndrome with autopsy \|journal=Am J Respir Crit Care Med \|volume=187 \|issue=7 \|pages=761–7 \|date=April 2013 \|pmid=23370917 \|doi=10.1164/rccm.201211-1981OC \|url=}}</ref>		*DAD may ''not'' be present in all cases that are clinically ''ARDS''.<ref name=pmid23370917>{{cite journal \|authors=Thille AW, Esteban A, Fernández-Segoviano P, Rodriguez JM, Aramburu JA, Peñuelas O, Cortés-Puch I, Cardinal-Fernández P, Lorente JA, Frutos-Vivar F \|title=Comparison of the Berlin definition for acute respiratory distress syndrome with autopsy \|journal=Am J Respir Crit Care Med \|volume=187 \|issue=7 \|pages=761–7 \|date=April 2013 \|pmid=23370917 \|doi=10.1164/rccm.201211-1981OC \|url=}}</ref>
	*Transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI) may have DAD; however, cases are reported without the pattern.<ref name=pmid18673344>{{cite journal \|~~vauthors~~=Danielson C, Benjamin RJ, Mangano MM, Mills CJ, Waxman DA \|title=Pulmonary pathology of rapidly fatal transfusion-related acute lung injury reveals minimal evidence of diffuse alveolar damage or alveolar granulocyte infiltration \|journal=Transfusion \|volume=48 \|issue=11 \|pages=2401–8 \|date=November 2008 \|pmid=18673344 \|doi=10.1111/j.1537-2995.2008.01879.x \|url=}}</ref>		*Transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI) may have DAD; however, cases are reported without the pattern.<ref name=pmid18673344>{{cite journal \|authors=Danielson C, Benjamin RJ, Mangano MM, Mills CJ, Waxman DA \|title=Pulmonary pathology of rapidly fatal transfusion-related acute lung injury reveals minimal evidence of diffuse alveolar damage or alveolar granulocyte infiltration \|journal=Transfusion \|volume=48 \|issue=11 \|pages=2401–8 \|date=November 2008 \|pmid=18673344 \|doi=10.1111/j.1537-2995.2008.01879.x \|url=}}</ref>
	*DAD may be seen in acute exacerbations of chronic [[interstitial lung disease]], e.g. idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.<ref pmid21637367>{{cite journal \|~~vauthors~~=Kaarteenaho R, Kinnula VL \|title=Diffuse alveolar damage: a common phenomenon in progressive interstitial lung disorders \|journal=Pulm Med \|volume=2011 \|issue= \|pages=531302 \|date=2011 \|pmid=21637367 \|pmc=3099744 \|doi=10.1155/2011/531302 \|url=}}</ref>		*DAD may be seen in acute exacerbations of chronic [[interstitial lung disease]], e.g. idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.<ref name=pmid21637367>{{cite journal \|authors=Kaarteenaho R, Kinnula VL \|title=Diffuse alveolar damage: a common phenomenon in progressive interstitial lung disorders \|journal=Pulm Med \|volume=2011 \|issue= \|pages=531302 \|date=2011 \|pmid=21637367 \|pmc=3099744 \|doi=10.1155/2011/531302 \|url=}}</ref>

	==Microscopic==		==Microscopic==

Michael: tweak some more

2021-07-19T02:20:29Z

tweak some more

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:20, 19 July 2021
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	Notes:		Notes:
	*DAD may ''not'' be present in all cases that are clinically ''ARDS''.<ref name=pmid23370917>{{cite journal \|vauthors=Thille AW, Esteban A, Fernández-Segoviano P, Rodriguez JM, Aramburu JA, Peñuelas O, Cortés-Puch I, Cardinal-Fernández P, Lorente JA, Frutos-Vivar F \|title=Comparison of the Berlin definition for acute respiratory distress syndrome with autopsy \|journal=Am J Respir Crit Care Med \|volume=187 \|issue=7 \|pages=761–7 \|date=April 2013 \|pmid=23370917 \|doi=10.1164/rccm.201211-1981OC \|url=}}</ref>		*DAD may ''not'' be present in all cases that are clinically ''ARDS''.<ref name=pmid23370917>{{cite journal \|vauthors=Thille AW, Esteban A, Fernández-Segoviano P, Rodriguez JM, Aramburu JA, Peñuelas O, Cortés-Puch I, Cardinal-Fernández P, Lorente JA, Frutos-Vivar F \|title=Comparison of the Berlin definition for acute respiratory distress syndrome with autopsy \|journal=Am J Respir Crit Care Med \|volume=187 \|issue=7 \|pages=761–7 \|date=April 2013 \|pmid=23370917 \|doi=10.1164/rccm.201211-1981OC \|url=}}</ref>
	*TRALI may have DAD; however, cases are reported without the pattern.<ref name=pmid18673344>{{cite journal \|vauthors=Danielson C, Benjamin RJ, Mangano MM, Mills CJ, Waxman DA \|title=Pulmonary pathology of rapidly fatal transfusion-related acute lung injury reveals minimal evidence of diffuse alveolar damage or alveolar granulocyte infiltration \|journal=Transfusion \|volume=48 \|issue=11 \|pages=2401–8 \|date=November 2008 \|pmid=18673344 \|doi=10.1111/j.1537-2995.2008.01879.x \|url=}}</ref>		*Transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI) may have DAD; however, cases are reported without the pattern.<ref name=pmid18673344>{{cite journal \|vauthors=Danielson C, Benjamin RJ, Mangano MM, Mills CJ, Waxman DA \|title=Pulmonary pathology of rapidly fatal transfusion-related acute lung injury reveals minimal evidence of diffuse alveolar damage or alveolar granulocyte infiltration \|journal=Transfusion \|volume=48 \|issue=11 \|pages=2401–8 \|date=November 2008 \|pmid=18673344 \|doi=10.1111/j.1537-2995.2008.01879.x \|url=}}</ref>
			*DAD may be seen in acute exacerbations of chronic [[interstitial lung disease]], e.g. idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.<ref pmid21637367>{{cite journal \|vauthors=Kaarteenaho R, Kinnula VL \|title=Diffuse alveolar damage: a common phenomenon in progressive interstitial lung disorders \|journal=Pulm Med \|volume=2011 \|issue= \|pages=531302 \|date=2011 \|pmid=21637367 \|pmc=3099744 \|doi=10.1155/2011/531302 \|url=}}</ref>

	==Microscopic==		==Microscopic==

Michael: tweak

2021-07-19T02:16:44Z

tweak

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:16, 19 July 2021
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	*Abrupt hypoxemia with pulmonary infiltrates leading to epithelial cell and endothelial cell death not accompanied by cardiac failure.<ref name=Ref_PCPBoD8_364>{{Ref PCPBoD8\|364}}</ref>		*Abrupt hypoxemia with pulmonary infiltrates leading to epithelial cell and endothelial cell death not accompanied by cardiac failure.<ref name=Ref_PCPBoD8_364>{{Ref PCPBoD8\|364}}</ref>

	DAD is the histologic correlate of:		Classically, DAD is the histologic correlate of:
	*Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).		*Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
	**[[AKA]] ''adult respiratory distress syndrome'' (ARDS) to differentiate it from ''[[respiratory distress syndrome]]'' in infants.		**[[AKA]] ''adult respiratory distress syndrome'' (ARDS) to differentiate it from ''[[respiratory distress syndrome]]'' in infants.
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	*Idiopathic.		*Idiopathic.

	~~Note~~:		Notes:
	*DAD may ''not'' be present in all cases that are clinically ''ARDS''.<ref name=pmid23370917>{{cite journal \|vauthors=Thille AW, Esteban A, Fernández-Segoviano P, Rodriguez JM, Aramburu JA, Peñuelas O, Cortés-Puch I, Cardinal-Fernández P, Lorente JA, Frutos-Vivar F \|title=Comparison of the Berlin definition for acute respiratory distress syndrome with autopsy \|journal=Am J Respir Crit Care Med \|volume=187 \|issue=7 \|pages=761–7 \|date=April 2013 \|pmid=23370917 \|doi=10.1164/rccm.201211-1981OC \|url=}}</ref>		*DAD may ''not'' be present in all cases that are clinically ''ARDS''.<ref name=pmid23370917>{{cite journal \|vauthors=Thille AW, Esteban A, Fernández-Segoviano P, Rodriguez JM, Aramburu JA, Peñuelas O, Cortés-Puch I, Cardinal-Fernández P, Lorente JA, Frutos-Vivar F \|title=Comparison of the Berlin definition for acute respiratory distress syndrome with autopsy \|journal=Am J Respir Crit Care Med \|volume=187 \|issue=7 \|pages=761–7 \|date=April 2013 \|pmid=23370917 \|doi=10.1164/rccm.201211-1981OC \|url=}}</ref>
			*TRALI may have DAD; however, cases are reported without the pattern.<ref name=pmid18673344>{{cite journal \|vauthors=Danielson C, Benjamin RJ, Mangano MM, Mills CJ, Waxman DA \|title=Pulmonary pathology of rapidly fatal transfusion-related acute lung injury reveals minimal evidence of diffuse alveolar damage or alveolar granulocyte infiltration \|journal=Transfusion \|volume=48 \|issue=11 \|pages=2401–8 \|date=November 2008 \|pmid=18673344 \|doi=10.1111/j.1537-2995.2008.01879.x \|url=}}</ref>

	==Microscopic==		==Microscopic==

Michael: /* General */

2021-07-19T02:13:30Z

General

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:13, 19 July 2021
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	DAD is the histologic correlate of:		DAD is the histologic correlate of:
	*Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).		*Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
	**[[AKA]] adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) to differentiate it from ''[[respiratory distress syndrome]]'' in infants.		**[[AKA]] ''adult respiratory distress syndrome'' (ARDS) to differentiate it from ''[[respiratory distress syndrome]]'' in infants.
	*Acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP).		*Acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP).
	*Transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI).

	The DDx is broad:<ref>{{Ref WMSP\|91}}</ref>		The DDx is broad:<ref>{{Ref WMSP\|91}}</ref>
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	*Inflammatory.		*Inflammatory.
	*Idiopathic.		*Idiopathic.

			Note:
			*DAD may ''not'' be present in all cases that are clinically ''ARDS''.<ref name=pmid23370917>{{cite journal \|vauthors=Thille AW, Esteban A, Fernández-Segoviano P, Rodriguez JM, Aramburu JA, Peñuelas O, Cortés-Puch I, Cardinal-Fernández P, Lorente JA, Frutos-Vivar F \|title=Comparison of the Berlin definition for acute respiratory distress syndrome with autopsy \|journal=Am J Respir Crit Care Med \|volume=187 \|issue=7 \|pages=761–7 \|date=April 2013 \|pmid=23370917 \|doi=10.1164/rccm.201211-1981OC \|url=}}</ref>

	==Microscopic==		==Microscopic==

Michael: touch

2015-06-30T03:26:14Z

touch

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:26, 30 June 2015
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	{{ Infobox diagnosis		{{ Infobox diagnosis
	\| Name = {{PAGENAME}}		\| Name = {{PAGENAME}}
	\| Image = Hyaline membranes - very high mag.jpg		\| Image = Hyaline membranes - very high mag.jpg
	\| Width =		\| Width =
	\| Caption = Hyaline membranes. [[H&E stain]].		\| Caption = Hyaline membranes. [[H&E stain]].

Michael at 13:07, 18 April 2014

2014-04-18T13:07:15Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:07, 18 April 2014
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	\| Endoscopy =		\| Endoscopy =
	\| Prognosis = often poor, dependent on severity and comorbidities		\| Prognosis = often poor, dependent on severity and comorbidities
	\| Other =		\| Other = histologic correlate of: acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP), transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI)
	~~\| ClinDDx =~~ acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP), transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI)		\| ClinDDx =
	\| Tx = dependent on underlying cause		\| Tx = dependent on underlying cause
	}}		}}

Michael at 13:05, 18 April 2014

2014-04-18T13:05:43Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:05, 18 April 2014
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	\| Caption = Hyaline membranes. [[H&E stain]].		\| Caption = Hyaline membranes. [[H&E stain]].
	\| Synonyms =		\| Synonyms =
	\| Micro =		\| Micro = dependent on phase - ''exudative'': hyaline membranes; ''proliferative'': interstitial thickening, inflammation (lymphocytes), type 2 pneumocyte hyperplasia, edema, Masson bodies in the airway, hyaline material (usu. focal); ''fibrotic'': interstitial inflammation, interstitial fibrosis
	\| Subtypes =		\| Subtypes = exudative, proliferative, fibrotic
	\| LMDDx =		\| LMDDx = [[organizing pneumonia]] (especially for ''proliferative phase DAD''), [[bronchiolitis obliterans]]
	\| Stains =		\| Stains =
	\| IHC =		\| IHC =

Michael at 13:01, 18 April 2014

2014-04-18T13:01:03Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:01, 18 April 2014
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			{{ Infobox diagnosis
			\| Name = {{PAGENAME}}
			\| Image = Hyaline membranes - very high mag.jpg
			\| Width =
			\| Caption = Hyaline membranes. [[H&E stain]].
			\| Synonyms =
			\| Micro =
			\| Subtypes =
			\| LMDDx =
			\| Stains =
			\| IHC =
			\| EM =
			\| Molecular =
			\| IF =
			\| Gross =
			\| Grossing =
			\| Site = [[lung]] - see ''[[diffuse lung diseases]]''
			\| Assdx =
			\| Syndromes =
			\| Clinicalhx =
			\| Signs =
			\| Symptoms =
			\| Prevalence =
			\| Bloodwork =
			\| Rads =
			\| Endoscopy =
			\| Prognosis = often poor, dependent on severity and comorbidities
			\| Other =
			\| ClinDDx = acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP), transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI)
			\| Tx = dependent on underlying cause
			}}
	'''Diffuse alveolar damage''', abbreviated '''DAD''', is a relatively common [[lung pathology]] that is grouped with the [[diffuse lung diseases]] and has several clinical correlates.		'''Diffuse alveolar damage''', abbreviated '''DAD''', is a relatively common [[lung pathology]] that is grouped with the [[diffuse lung diseases]] and has several clinical correlates.

Michael: split out

2014-04-18T12:53:43Z

split out

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:53, 18 April 2014
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	#~~redirect~~ [[~~Diffuse_lung_diseases~~#~~Diffuse_alveolar_damage~~]]		'''Diffuse alveolar damage''', abbreviated '''DAD''', is a relatively common [[lung pathology]] that is grouped with the [[diffuse lung diseases]] and has several clinical correlates.

			==General==
			Etiology:
			*Abrupt hypoxemia with pulmonary infiltrates leading to epithelial cell and endothelial cell death not accompanied by cardiac failure.<ref name=Ref_PCPBoD8_364>{{Ref PCPBoD8\|364}}</ref>

			DAD is the histologic correlate of:
			*Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
			**[[AKA]] adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) to differentiate it from ''[[respiratory distress syndrome]]'' in infants.
			*Acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP).
			*Transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI).

			The DDx is broad:<ref>{{Ref WMSP\|91}}</ref>
			*Infection/sepsis.
			*Toxic (smoke, oxygen).
			*Drug (amiodarone, chemotherapy).
			*Trauma/shock.
			*Inflammatory.
			*Idiopathic.

			==Microscopic==
			Features:<ref name=Ref_Klatt103>{{Ref Klatt\|103}}</ref><ref name=pmid16766248>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Castro \| first1 = CY. \| title = ARDS and diffuse alveolar damage: a pathologist's perspective. \| journal = Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg \| volume = 18 \| issue = 1 \| pages = 13-9 \| month = \| year = 2006 \| doi = 10.1053/j.semtcvs.2006.02.001 \| PMID = 16766248 }}</ref>
			#Exudative:
			#*Hyaline membranes - '''key feature'''.
			#**Debris (pink crap) lines the alveolar spaces.
			#Proliferative:
			#*Interstitial thickening.
			#*Inflammation (lymphocytes).
			#*Hobnailing of alveolar lining cells (type 2 pneumocyte hyperplasia<ref>URL: [http://d3jonline.tripod.com/20-Pulmonary_II/Pathology_of_Interstitial_Lung_Diseases.htm http://d3jonline.tripod.com/20-Pulmonary_II/Pathology_of_Interstitial_Lung_Diseases.htm]. Accessed on: 22 February 2012.</ref>).
			#*Edema (link pink crap in the alveoli).
			#*[[Masson bodies]] in the airway.
			#*Hyaline material (usu. focal) - '''key feature'''.
			#Fibrotic:
			#*Interstitial inflammation.
			#*Fibrosis.

			DDx:<ref name=pmid16766248>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Castro \| first1 = CY. \| title = ARDS and diffuse alveolar damage: a pathologist's perspective. \| journal = Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg \| volume = 18 \| issue = 1 \| pages = 13-9 \| month = \| year = 2006 \| doi = 10.1053/j.semtcvs.2006.02.001 \| PMID = 16766248 }}</ref>
			*[[Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia]] - especially for ''proliferative phase DAD''.
			*[[Bronchiolitis obliterans]].

			===Images===
			<gallery>
			Image:Hyaline membranes - low mag.jpg \| Exudative phase DAD - low mag. (WC/Nephron)
			Image:Hyaline membranes - intermed mag.jpg \| Exudative phase DAD - intermed. mag. (WC/Nephron)
			Image:Hyaline membranes - high mag.jpg \| Exudative phase DAD - high mag. (WC/Nephron)
			Image:Hyaline membranes - very high mag.jpg \| Exudative phase DAD - very high mag. (WC/Nephron)
			Image:ARDS.jpg \| Exudative DAD (WC)
			</gallery>
			www:
			*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/pulmonary_pathology/4710141110/in/photostream/ Proliferative phase DAD - intermed. mag. (flickr.com/Yale Rosen)].
			*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/pulmonary_pathology/4709499629/in/photostream/ Proliferative phase DAD - high mag. (flickr.com/Yale Rosen)].

			==See also==
			*[[Diffuse lung diseases]].

			==References==
			{{Reflist\|2}}

	[[Category:Diagnosis]]		[[Category:Diagnosis]]
			[[Category:Diffuse lung diseases]]