Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma - Revision history

Jensflorian: /* General */ Update

2019-10-14T08:37:39Z

General: Update

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:37, 14 October 2019
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	*Associated with [[tuberous sclerosis complex]] (TSC).<ref name=pmid21455842>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Grajkowska \| first1 = W. \| last2 = Kotulska \| first2 = K. \| last3 = Jurkiewicz \| first3 = E. \| last4 = Roszkowski \| first4 = M. \| last5 = Daszkiewicz \| first5 = P. \| last6 = Jóźwiak \| first6 = S. \| last7 = Matyja \| first7 = E. \| title = Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas with atypical histological features mimicking malignant gliomas. \| journal = Folia Neuropathol \| volume = 49 \| issue = 1 \| pages = 39-46 \| month = \| year = 2011 \| doi = \| PMID = 21455842 }}</ref>		*Associated with [[tuberous sclerosis complex]] (TSC).<ref name=pmid21455842>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Grajkowska \| first1 = W. \| last2 = Kotulska \| first2 = K. \| last3 = Jurkiewicz \| first3 = E. \| last4 = Roszkowski \| first4 = M. \| last5 = Daszkiewicz \| first5 = P. \| last6 = Jóźwiak \| first6 = S. \| last7 = Matyja \| first7 = E. \| title = Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas with atypical histological features mimicking malignant gliomas. \| journal = Folia Neuropathol \| volume = 49 \| issue = 1 \| pages = 39-46 \| month = \| year = 2011 \| doi = \| PMID = 21455842 }}</ref>
	** 6-14% of all TSC patients will develop a SEGA.		** 6-14% of all TSC patients will develop a SEGA.
			** Sporadic examples of SEGA may represent undetected TSC patients (i.e., low-level somatic mosaicism)<ref>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Overwater \| first1 = IE. \| last2 = Swenker \| first2 = R. \| last3 = van der Ende \| first3 = EL. \| last4 = Hanemaayer \| first4 = KB. \| last5 = Hoogeveen-Westerveld \| first5 = M. \| last6 = van Eeghen \| first6 = AM. \| last7 = Lequin \| first7 = MH. \| last8 = van den Ouweland \| first8 = AM. \| last9 = Moll \| first9 = HA. \| title = Genotype and brain pathology phenotype in children with tuberous sclerosis complex. \| journal = Eur J Hum Genet \| volume = 24 \| issue = 12 \| pages = 1688-1695 \| month = 12 \| year = 2016 \| doi = 10.1038/ejhg.2016.85 \| PMID = 27406250 }}</ref>.
	*Associated with epilepsy.		*Associated with epilepsy.
	*WHO Grade I.		*WHO Grade I.

Jensflorian: /* IHC */ Olig-2

2019-10-14T08:36:30Z

IHC: Olig-2

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:36, 14 October 2019
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	*Synaptophysin +/-ve (ganglionic component)..		*Synaptophysin +/-ve (ganglionic component)..
	*[[TTF-1]] (7 out of 7).<ref name=pmid25669749>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Hewer \| first1 = E. \| last2 = Vajtai \| first2 = I. \| title = Consistent nuclear expression of thyroid transcription factor 1 in subependymal giant cell astrocytomas suggests lineage-restricted histogenesis. \| journal = Clin Neuropathol \| volume = 34 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 128-31 \| month = \| year = \| doi = 10.5414/NP300818 \| PMID = 25669749 }}</ref>		*[[TTF-1]] (7 out of 7).<ref name=pmid25669749>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Hewer \| first1 = E. \| last2 = Vajtai \| first2 = I. \| title = Consistent nuclear expression of thyroid transcription factor 1 in subependymal giant cell astrocytomas suggests lineage-restricted histogenesis. \| journal = Clin Neuropathol \| volume = 34 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 128-31 \| month = \| year = \| doi = 10.5414/NP300818 \| PMID = 25669749 }}</ref>
			*Olig2-ve.<ref>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Overwater \| first1 = IE. \| last2 = Swenker \| first2 = R. \| last3 = van der Ende \| first3 = EL. \| last4 = Hanemaayer \| first4 = KB. \| last5 = Hoogeveen-Westerveld \| first5 = M. \| last6 = van Eeghen \| first6 = AM. \| last7 = Lequin \| first7 = MH. \| last8 = van den Ouweland \| first8 = AM. \| last9 = Moll \| first9 = HA. \| title = Genotype and brain pathology phenotype in children with tuberous sclerosis complex. \| journal = Eur J Hum Genet \| volume = 24 \| issue = 12 \| pages = 1688-1695 \| month = 12 \| year = 2016 \| doi = 10.1038/ejhg.2016.85 \| PMID = 27406250 }}</ref>
	* MIB-1 usu. low (1-5%).		* MIB-1 usu. low (1-5%).

Jensflorian: infobox

2015-10-08T14:55:49Z

infobox

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:55, 8 October 2015
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			{{ Infobox diagnosis
			\| Name = {{PAGENAME}}
			\| Image = SEGA HE.jpg
			\| Width =
			\| Caption = Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma [[H&E stain]].
			\| Synonyms = SEGA
			\| Micro =
			\| Subtypes =
			\| LMDDx = [[ganglioglioma]], [[pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma]], [[glioblastoma]]
			\| Stains =
			\| IHC = GFAP +ve
			\| EM =
			\| Molecular =
			\| IF =
			\| Gross =
			\| Grossing =
			\| Site = brain - usu. wall of ventricles
			\| Assdx =
			\| Syndromes =
			\| Clinicalhx =
			\| Signs =
			\| Symptoms =
			\| Prevalence = rare - esp. in young adults
			\| Bloodwork =
			\| Rads =
			\| Endoscopy =
			\| Prognosis = good (WHO Grade I)
			\| Other =
			\| ClinDDx =
			\| Tx =
			}}

	'''Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma''', abbreviated '''SEGA''', is a low-grade astrocytoma associated with [[tuberous sclerosis complex]].		'''Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma''', abbreviated '''SEGA''', is a low-grade astrocytoma associated with [[tuberous sclerosis complex]].

	==General==		==General==
	*Associated with [[tuberous sclerosis complex]] (TSC).<ref name=pmid21455842>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Grajkowska \| first1 = W. \| last2 = Kotulska \| first2 = K. \| last3 = Jurkiewicz \| first3 = E. \| last4 = Roszkowski \| first4 = M. \| last5 = Daszkiewicz \| first5 = P. \| last6 = Jóźwiak \| first6 = S. \| last7 = Matyja \| first7 = E. \| title = Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas with atypical histological features mimicking malignant gliomas. \| journal = Folia Neuropathol \| volume = 49 \| issue = 1 \| pages = 39-46 \| month = \| year = 2011 \| doi = \| PMID = 21455842 }}</ref>		*Associated with [[tuberous sclerosis complex]] (TSC).<ref name=pmid21455842>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Grajkowska \| first1 = W. \| last2 = Kotulska \| first2 = K. \| last3 = Jurkiewicz \| first3 = E. \| last4 = Roszkowski \| first4 = M. \| last5 = Daszkiewicz \| first5 = P. \| last6 = Jóźwiak \| first6 = S. \| last7 = Matyja \| first7 = E. \| title = Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas with atypical histological features mimicking malignant gliomas. \| journal = Folia Neuropathol \| volume = 49 \| issue = 1 \| pages = 39-46 \| month = \| year = 2011 \| doi = \| PMID = 21455842 }}</ref>
			** 6-14% of all TSC patients will develop a SEGA.
			*Associated with epilepsy.
	*WHO Grade I.		*WHO Grade I.

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	*Well-demarcated.		*Well-demarcated.
	*Often projecting into a ventricle.		*Often projecting into a ventricle.
			*May be calcified
			*Circumscribed tumour.

	<gallery>		<gallery>
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	==Microscopic==		==Microscopic==
	Features:<ref name=upmc_case179/><ref name=pmid9595853>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Taraszewska \| first1 = A. \| last2 = Kroh \| first2 = H. \| last3 = Majchrowski \| first3 = A. \| title = Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma: clinical, histologic and immunohistochemical characteristic of 3 cases. \| journal = Folia Neuropathol \| volume = 35 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 181-6 \| month = \| year = 1997 \| doi = \| PMID = 9595853 }}</ref>		Features:<ref name=upmc_case179/><ref name=pmid9595853>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Taraszewska \| first1 = A. \| last2 = Kroh \| first2 = H. \| last3 = Majchrowski \| first3 = A. \| title = Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma: clinical, histologic and immunohistochemical characteristic of 3 cases. \| journal = Folia Neuropathol \| volume = 35 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 181-6 \| month = \| year = 1997 \| doi = \| PMID = 9595853 }}</ref>
	*Giant cells with nuclear atypia ("bizarre cells").		*Giant cells with nuclear atypia ("bizarre cells", "ganglioid cells").
	**[[Vesicular nuclei]].		**[[Vesicular nuclei]].
	**[[Nuclear pseudoinclusions]].<ref name=upmc179>URL: [http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case179/micro.html http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case179/micro.html]. Accessed on: 8 January 2012.</ref>		**[[Nuclear pseudoinclusions]].<ref name=upmc179>URL: [http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case179/micro.html http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case179/micro.html]. Accessed on: 8 January 2012.</ref>
	*Glassy eosinophilic cytoplasm.		*Glassy eosinophilic cytoplasm.
			*Elongated cells in a fibrillary background.
	*Abundant [[mast cell]]s.<ref name=upmc179>URL: [http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case179/micro.html http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case179/micro.html]. Accessed on: 8 January 2012.</ref>		*Abundant [[mast cell]]s.<ref name=upmc179>URL: [http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case179/micro.html http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case179/micro.html]. Accessed on: 8 January 2012.</ref>
			*Lymphocytic infiltrates.
			*Endothelial proliferations and/or necrosis are not a sign of malignancy.

	===Images===		===Images===
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	*Vimentin +ve. (100%)		*Vimentin +ve. (100%)
	*S100 +ve. (100%)		*S100 +ve. (100%)
	* [[TTF-1]] (7 out of 7).<ref name=pmid25669749>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Hewer \| first1 = E. \| last2 = Vajtai \| first2 = I. \| title = Consistent nuclear expression of thyroid transcription factor 1 in subependymal giant cell astrocytomas suggests lineage-restricted histogenesis. \| journal = Clin Neuropathol \| volume = 34 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 128-31 \| month = \| year = \| doi = 10.5414/NP300818 \| PMID = 25669749 }}</ref>		*Neurofilament +/-ve (ganglionic component).
			*Synaptophysin +/-ve (ganglionic component)..
			*[[TTF-1]] (7 out of 7).<ref name=pmid25669749>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Hewer \| first1 = E. \| last2 = Vajtai \| first2 = I. \| title = Consistent nuclear expression of thyroid transcription factor 1 in subependymal giant cell astrocytomas suggests lineage-restricted histogenesis. \| journal = Clin Neuropathol \| volume = 34 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 128-31 \| month = \| year = \| doi = 10.5414/NP300818 \| PMID = 25669749 }}</ref>
			* MIB-1 usu. low (1-5%).

	==See also==		==See also==
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	[[Category:Diagnosis]]		[[Category:Diagnosis]]
	[[Category:Neuropathology tumours]]		[[Category:Neuropathology tumours]]
			[[Category:WHO grade I tumours]]

Jensflorian: /* Images */ +images

2015-10-08T14:37:51Z

Images: +images

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:37, 8 October 2015
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	Image:SEGA HE.jpg \| SEGA. (WC/Sbrandner)		Image:SEGA HE.jpg \| SEGA. (WC/Sbrandner)
	Image:SEGA NF.jpg \| SEGA - NF stain. (WC/Sbrandner)		Image:SEGA NF.jpg \| SEGA - NF stain. (WC/Sbrandner)
	Image:SEGA GFAP x100.jpg \| SEGA - GFAP stain. (WC/Sbrandner)		Image:SEGA GFAP x100.jpg \| SEGA - GFAP stain. (WC/jensflorian)
			File:SEGA GFAP.jpg \| SEGA -GFAP stain. (WC/Sbrandner)
	</gallery>		</gallery>
	www:		www:

Jensflorian: /* Gross/radiology */ +image

2015-10-08T14:36:09Z

Gross/radiology: +image

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:36, 8 October 2015
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	<gallery>		<gallery>
			File:MRI of brain with sub-ependymal giant cell astrocytoma.jpg \| SEGA in Tuberous sclerosis. (WC/AFIP)
	Image:Sega_gross.jpg \| SEGA. (WC/AFIP)		Image:Sega_gross.jpg \| SEGA. (WC/AFIP)
	</gallery>		</gallery>

Jensflorian: /* IHC */

2015-10-05T09:22:50Z

IHC

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:22, 5 October 2015
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	==IHC==		==IHC==
	Features:<ref name=pmid9595853/>		Features:<ref name=pmid9595853/><ref name=pmid8546029>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Hirose \| first1 = T. \| last2 = Scheithauer \| first2 = BW. \| last3 = Lopes \| first3 = MB. \| last4 = Gerber \| first4 = HA. \| last5 = Altermatt \| first5 = HJ. \| last6 = Hukee \| first6 = MJ. \| last7 = VandenBerg \| first7 = SR. \| last8 = Charlesworth \| first8 = JC. \| title = Tuber and subependymal giant cell astrocytoma associated with tuberous sclerosis: an immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and immunoelectron and microscopic study. \| journal = Acta Neuropathol \| volume = 90 \| issue = 4 \| pages = 387-99 \| month = \| year = 1995 \| doi = \| PMID = 8546029 }}</ref>
	*GFAP +ve. (~~???~~)		*GFAP +ve. (50%)
	*Vimentin +ve. (~~???~~)		*Vimentin +ve. (100%)
	*S100 +ve. (~~???~~)		*S100 +ve. (100%)
			* [[TTF-1]] (7 out of 7).<ref name=pmid25669749>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Hewer \| first1 = E. \| last2 = Vajtai \| first2 = I. \| title = Consistent nuclear expression of thyroid transcription factor 1 in subependymal giant cell astrocytomas suggests lineage-restricted histogenesis. \| journal = Clin Neuropathol \| volume = 34 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 128-31 \| month = \| year = \| doi = 10.5414/NP300818 \| PMID = 25669749 }}</ref>

	==See also==		==See also==

Michael: /* Microscopic */

2015-06-01T15:44:06Z

Microscopic

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:44, 1 June 2015
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	Features:<ref name=upmc_case179/><ref name=pmid9595853>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Taraszewska \| first1 = A. \| last2 = Kroh \| first2 = H. \| last3 = Majchrowski \| first3 = A. \| title = Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma: clinical, histologic and immunohistochemical characteristic of 3 cases. \| journal = Folia Neuropathol \| volume = 35 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 181-6 \| month = \| year = 1997 \| doi = \| PMID = 9595853 }}</ref>		Features:<ref name=upmc_case179/><ref name=pmid9595853>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Taraszewska \| first1 = A. \| last2 = Kroh \| first2 = H. \| last3 = Majchrowski \| first3 = A. \| title = Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma: clinical, histologic and immunohistochemical characteristic of 3 cases. \| journal = Folia Neuropathol \| volume = 35 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 181-6 \| month = \| year = 1997 \| doi = \| PMID = 9595853 }}</ref>
	*Giant cells with nuclear atypia ("bizarre cells").		*Giant cells with nuclear atypia ("bizarre cells").
	**Vesicular nuclei.		**[[Vesicular nuclei]].
	**[[Nuclear pseudoinclusions]].<ref name=upmc179>URL: [http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case179/micro.html http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case179/micro.html]. Accessed on: 8 January 2012.</ref>		**[[Nuclear pseudoinclusions]].<ref name=upmc179>URL: [http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case179/micro.html http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case179/micro.html]. Accessed on: 8 January 2012.</ref>
	*Glassy eosinophilic cytoplasm.		*Glassy eosinophilic cytoplasm.

Michael: /* Gross/radiology */

2014-12-10T05:55:16Z

Gross/radiology

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:55, 10 December 2014
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	==Gross/radiology==		==Gross/radiology==
	*Well-demarcated.		*Well-demarcated.
			*Often projecting into a ventricle.

			<gallery>
			Image:Sega_gross.jpg \| SEGA. (WC/AFIP)
			</gallery>

	==Microscopic==		==Microscopic==

Michael: /* Images */

2014-12-10T05:53:41Z

Images

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:53, 10 December 2014
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	Image:SEGA GFAP x100.jpg \| SEGA - GFAP stain. (WC/Sbrandner)		Image:SEGA GFAP x100.jpg \| SEGA - GFAP stain. (WC/Sbrandner)
	</gallery>		</gallery>
			www:
	*[http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case179/micro.html SEGA (upmc.edu)].<ref name=upmc_case179>URL: [http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case179.html http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case179.html]. Accessed on: 29 July 2011.</ref>		*[http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case179/micro.html SEGA (upmc.edu)].<ref name=upmc_case179>URL: [http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case179.html http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case179.html]. Accessed on: 29 July 2011.</ref>
	*[http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case500.html SEGA - another case (upmc.edu)].		*[http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case500.html SEGA - another case (upmc.edu)].

Michael: /* Images */

2014-12-10T05:53:34Z

Images

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:53, 10 December 2014
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	<gallery>		<gallery>
	Image:SEGA HE.jpg \| SEGA. (WC/Sbrandner)		Image:SEGA HE.jpg \| SEGA. (WC/Sbrandner)
			Image:SEGA NF.jpg \| SEGA - NF stain. (WC/Sbrandner)
			Image:SEGA GFAP x100.jpg \| SEGA - GFAP stain. (WC/Sbrandner)
	</gallery>		</gallery>
	*[http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case179/micro.html SEGA (upmc.edu)].<ref name=upmc_case179>URL: [http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case179.html http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case179.html]. Accessed on: 29 July 2011.</ref>		*[http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case179/micro.html SEGA (upmc.edu)].<ref name=upmc_case179>URL: [http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case179.html http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case179.html]. Accessed on: 29 July 2011.</ref>