Difference between revisions of "Gross pathology"
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===Components=== | ===Components=== | ||
#Orient the specimen. | #Orient the specimen. | ||
#Paint with ink - if applicable. | #Paint with [[marking ink|ink]] - if applicable. | ||
#*A good general rule is: ''ink before you think''. | #*A good general rule is: ''ink before you think''. | ||
#Cut open for fixation - if not immediately blocked. | #Cut open for fixation - if not immediately blocked. | ||
#+/-Weigh. | #+/-Weigh. | ||
#+/-Insert paper towels in the cuts (book marking) for [[fixation]]. | #+/-Insert paper towels in the cuts (book marking) for [[fixation]]. | ||
==Gross only== | ==Gross only== | ||
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==How to gross== | ==How to gross== | ||
===Principles of grossing=== | |||
{{Main|Principles of grossing}} | |||
This article is discusses generalities in grossing. | |||
===Dermatopathology=== | ===Dermatopathology=== | ||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | {| class="wikitable sortable" | ||
| Line 36: | Line 36: | ||
! Comments | ! Comments | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Abdominal pannus grossing]] | | [[Abdominal pannus grossing|Abdominal pannus]] | ||
| often [[gross only]] | | often [[gross only]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
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! Comments | ! Comments | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Aortic valve grossing]] | | [[Aortic valve grossing|Aortic valve]] | ||
| may be [[gross only]] | | may be [[gross only]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Mitral valve grossing]] | | [[Mitral valve grossing|Mitral valve]] | ||
| may be [[gross only]] | | may be [[gross only]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
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! Comments | ! Comments | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Femoral head grossing]] | | [[Femoral head grossing|Femoral head]] | ||
| may be [[gross only]] | | may be [[gross only]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Knee replacement specimen grossing]] | | [[Knee replacement specimen grossing|Knee replacement]] | ||
| [[Soft tissue pathology]] | | [[Soft tissue pathology]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| [[Cystoprostatectomy]] | | [[Cystoprostatectomy]] | ||
| | | indication: urothelial carcinoma | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Orchiectomy]] | | [[Orchiectomy]] | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| [[Partial cystectomy]] | | [[Partial cystectomy]] | ||
| | | indication: [[urachal carcinoma]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Partial nephrectomy]] | | [[Partial nephrectomy]] | ||
| | | indication: [[renal cell carcinoma]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Penectomy]] | | [[Penectomy]] | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| [[Prostate chips]] | | [[Prostate chips]] | ||
| | | indication: [[nodular hyperplasia of the prostate|BPH]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Radical cystectomy]] | | [[Radical cystectomy]] | ||
| Line 98: | Line 98: | ||
| [[Total nephrectomy for tumour]] | | [[Total nephrectomy for tumour]] | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |||
| [[Nephroureterectomy]] | |||
| indication: [[urothelial carcinoma]] | |||
|} | |} | ||
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| [[Partial colectomy for diverticular disease]] | | [[Partial colectomy for diverticular disease]] | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |||
| [[Lower anterior resection for cancer]] | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
| [[Abdominoperineal resection grossing]] | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
===Gynecologic=== | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | |||
! Specimen | |||
! Comments | |||
|- | |||
| [[Hysterectomy for fibroids]] | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
| [[Cervical cone]] | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
| [[Hysterectomy for endometrial hyperplasia]] | |||
| see also ''[[hysterectomy for endometrial cancer]]'' | |||
|- | |||
| [[Hysterectomy for endometrial cancer]] | |||
| see also ''[[hysterectomy for endometrial hyperplasia]]'' | |||
|- | |||
| [[Radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer]] | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
| [[Vulvectomy]] | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
===Thoracic=== | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | |||
! Specimen | |||
! Comments | |||
|- | |||
|[[Lung lobectomy grossing]] | |||
| | |||
|} | |} | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
*[http://www.artandmedicine.com/Index.html Old (black & white) gross pathology (artandmedicine.com)]. | *[http://www.artandmedicine.com/Index.html Old (black & white) gross pathology (artandmedicine.com)]. | ||
*[ | *[https://www.rcpa.edu.au/Manuals/Macroscopic-Cut-Up-Manual Cut-up manual from the RCPA (rcpa.edu.au)]. | ||
*[http://www.qmul.ac.uk/bartspathology/specimens/index.html Barts Pathology Museum (qmul.ac.uk)]. | *[http://www.qmul.ac.uk/bartspathology/specimens/index.html Barts Pathology Museum (qmul.ac.uk)]. | ||
*[http://pathinfo.wikia.com/wiki/Specimen_Grossing_Manual Grossing Manual - Pathology Resident Wiki (wikia.com)]. | *[http://pathinfo.wikia.com/wiki/Specimen_Grossing_Manual Grossing Manual - Pathology Resident Wiki (wikia.com)]. | ||
*[https://grosspathology-sites.uchicago.edu/ Gross Pathology - U of Chicago (uchicago.edu)]. | |||
[[Category:Gross pathology]] | [[Category:Gross pathology]] | ||
Latest revision as of 20:00, 14 January 2025
A kidney tumour (renal oncocytoma) at the time of grossing.
Gross pathology, also simply gross, refers to the macroscopic pathology, and the macroscopic assessment of pathology specimens. It may include preparation of tissue for a microscopic examination. It is an essential part of pathologic assessments.
The process of cutting up specimens is known as grossing (North American term), cut-up or macroscopic cut-up (Australian term).
Specimen opening
- Usually referred to simply as opening.
- May go by the term freshing.
- The first part of a gross pathologic assessment.
Components
- Orient the specimen.
- Paint with ink - if applicable.
- A good general rule is: ink before you think.
- Cut open for fixation - if not immediately blocked.
- +/-Weigh.
- +/-Insert paper towels in the cuts (book marking) for fixation.
Gross only
Gross only specimens are examined only at the grossing bench; no microscopy is done. Which specimens are considered "gross only" typically depends on institutional policy.[1]
Common gross only specimens
- Teeth.
- Foreign bodies.
- Femoral head with osteoarthritis - no fracture & no history of cancer.
- Calcific aortic stenosis.
How to gross
Principles of grossing
Main article: Principles of grossing
This article is discusses generalities in grossing.
Dermatopathology
| Specimen | Comments |
|---|---|
| Abdominal pannus | often gross only |
Cardiovascular
| Specimen | Comments |
|---|---|
| Aortic valve | may be gross only |
| Mitral valve | may be gross only |
Orthopedic
| Specimen | Comments |
|---|---|
| Femoral head | may be gross only |
| Knee replacement | Soft tissue pathology |
Genitourinary
| Specimen | Comments |
|---|---|
| Cystoprostatectomy | indication: urothelial carcinoma |
| Orchiectomy | |
| Partial cystectomy | indication: urachal carcinoma |
| Partial nephrectomy | indication: renal cell carcinoma |
| Penectomy | |
| Prostate biopsy | |
| Prostate chips | indication: BPH |
| Radical cystectomy | |
| Radical prostatectomy | |
| Total nephrectomy for tumour | |
| Nephroureterectomy | indication: urothelial carcinoma |
Gastrointestinal
| Specimen | Comments |
|---|---|
| Partial colectomy for diverticular disease | |
| Lower anterior resection for cancer | |
| Abdominoperineal resection grossing |
Gynecologic
Thoracic
| Specimen | Comments |
|---|---|
| Lung lobectomy grossing |
Gross pathology spot diagnoses
Main article: Gross pathology spot diagnoses
This is a long list of things that can be identified with a reasonable certainty on gross.
See also
- Basics.
- EIT.
- Tissue loss.
References
- ↑ Zarbo, RJ.; Nakhleh, RE. (Feb 1999). "Surgical pathology specimens for gross examination only and exempt from submission: a College of American Pathologists Q-Probes study of current policies in 413 institutions.". Arch Pathol Lab Med 123 (2): 133-9. doi:10.1043/0003-9985(1999)1230133:SPSFGE2.0.CO;2. PMID 10050786.