Bladder cancer staging
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The article deals with bladder cancer staging. A general discussion of staging is found in cancer staging.
General
- TNM staging the most commonly used.
- Urachal carcinoma has its own staging system - see Sheldon staging system.
TNM staging system
Tumour
| T stage | Criteria | Comment |
|---|---|---|
| T0 | (no tumour) | |
| T1 | lamina propria invasion | |
| T2 | muscularis propria invasion | typical management is radical cystectomy or radical cystoprostatectomy |
| T3a | microscopic extravesicular invasion | |
| T3b | macroscopic extravesicular invasion | |
| T4a | extension into the uterus, vagina or prostate | |
| T4b | extension into the abdominal wall or pelvic wall |
Images
MIUC - very low mag.
MIUC - low mag.
MIUC - intermed. mag.
MIUC - intermed. mag.
MIUC - high mag.
